Market activity ended on Wednesday, with the market having mixed results after 89 percent fewer shares were tradedaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa with an 81 percent lower value than on Tuesday, resulting in more stocks rising than falling at the close of trading on the Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange.
Sixteen (16) securities traded compared to 19 on Tuesday, with four rising, five declining and seven remaining unchanged. The Composite Index increased 6.10 points to 1,422.69, the All T&T Index lost 0.54 points to settle at 1,928.03 and the Cross-Listed Index advanced 1.85 points to 123.59.
Overall, 34,566 shares traded for $721,122 down sharply from 307,359 units at $3,882,610 on Tuesday.
An average of 2,160 shares traded at $45,070 compared to 16,177 at $204,348 on Tuesday. The average trade for the month to date amounts to 22,338 units at $227,041 versus 23,344 units at $236,111. The average trade for June amounts to 45,770 units at $724,497.
The Investor’s Choice bid-offer indicator shows six stocks ended with bids higher than their last selling prices and two with lower offers.
At the close, Agostini’s ended at $24.55, after 2,000 shares were traded, Angostura Holdings declined 6 cents to $16.43 after 203 stock units changed hands, Endeavour Holdings remained at $7.94, after trading 523 units, First Citizens Bank rose 30 cents to $50.30 after the trading of 1,902 shares.
GraceKennedy ended at $6.15 in exchanging 314 units, L.J Williams B shares ended at $1.50, with 57 stocks changing hands, Massy Holdings settled at $80.50 in trading 417 units. National Flour Mills shed 4 cents to $2 after an exchange of 4,161 shares, NCB Financial Group popped 19 cents to $8.19 after trading 9,515 stock units, One Caribbean Media rallied 5 cents to $4.05, with 1,000 units crossing the market. Point Lisas settled at $3.15 in exchange ng 1,224 stocks, Prestige Holdings climbed 5 cents to $7.50 in switching ownership of 2,000 stock units, Scotiabank declined 45 cents to close at $58.55 in exchanging 4,391 shares Trinidad & Tobago NGL fell 40 cents to $17.55 with an exchange of 2,500 stock units, Unilever Caribbean ended at $16.33 while exchanging 1,220 units and West Indian Tobacco slipped 1 cent to $32.49 in trading 3,139 shares.
Prices of securities trading are those for the last transaction of each stock unless otherwise stated.
Rising stocks edged falling ones on TTSE
Trinidad stocks falter on increase trades
Market activity spiked on Tuesday after investors traded 106 percent more shares than on Monday and carried 69 percent higher value as trading, resulting in more stocks falling than rising and pushing the market indices down at the close of trading on the Trinidad and Tobago Stock markets Exchange.
At the close, 19 securities traded compared to 16 on Monday, with three stocks rising, eight declining and eight remaining unchanged.
The Composite Index declined 8.86 points to settle at 1,416.59, the All T&T Index dropped 17.14 points to 1,928.57 and the Cross-Listed Index remained unchanged at 121.74.
A total of 307,359 shares traded for $3,882,610, up from 149,102 units at $2,292,097 on Monday.
An average of 16,177 units traded at $204,348 compared to 9,319 at $143,256 on Monday. The average trade, month to date amounts to 23,344 units at $236,106 versus 23,795 units at $238,104. The average trade for June amounts to 45,770 units at $724,497.
The Investor’s Choice bid-offer indicator shows five stocks ended with bids higher than their last selling prices and one with a lower offer.
At the close, Agostini’s traded 702 shares at $24.55, Angostura Holdings remained at $16.49 with a transfer of 136 units, Ansa McAL declined $2 to end at $58 in switching ownership of 256 stock units. Calypso Macro Investment Fund settled at $16.50 after trading 1,500 units, Clico Investment Fund shed 50 cents to $27, with 24,508 stock units clearing the market, First Citizens Bank closed at $50 in exchanging 5,703 shares. GraceKennedy slipped 15 cents to $6.15, with 217,673 stocks crossing the market, Guardian Holdings dropped 75 cents to $33 in an exchange of 9,050 shares, Guardian Media remained at $3.10 in transferring 884 units. Massy Holdings popped 6 cents to $80.50 with the swapping of 2,189 stocks, National Enterprises dipped 5 cents to $3.85 with 2,000 shares clearing the market, National Flour Mills rallied 4 cents to $2.04 in switching ownership of 1,387 stocks. NCB Financial Group dipped 1 cent to $8 with 15,691 stock units changing hands, Point Lisas closed at $3.15 with an exchange of 3,000 stocks, Prestige Holdings slipped 5 cents to $7.45 in switching ownership of 2,000 shares. Republic Financial Holdings inched 1 cent higher to $135.51 in exchanging 5,229 stocks. Scotiabank shed 75 cents to end at $59 with an exchange of 168 shares, Trinidad Cement closed at $3.75 in trading 2,640 stocks and Unilever Caribbean remained at $16.33 with 12,643 units crossing the market.
Prices of securities trading are those for the last transaction of each stock unless otherwise stated.
Trading volume surges on T&TSE
Market activity ended on Friday, with the market rising after investors traded 2,619 percent shares with 174 percent higher value than on Thursday, resulting in more than twice the stocks rising than falling at the close of trading on the Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange.
At the close, 19 securities traded compared to 17 on Thursday, with seven rising, three declining and nine remaining unchanged. The Composite Index popped 1.48 points to 1,421.73, the All T&T Index rose 2.86 points to 1,940.30 and the Cross-Listed Index remained unchanged at 121.47.
Overall, 1,197,083 shares traded for $3,373,497 compared to 44,028 units at $1,232,479 on Thursday. An average of 63,004 units traded at $177,552 compared to 2,590 at $72,499 on Thursday. The average trade for the month to date amounts to 24,605 units at $243,410 versus 21,872 units at $248,096. The average trade for June amounts to 45,770 units at $724,497.
The Investor’s Choice bid-offer indicator shows four stocks ending with bids higher than their last selling prices and two with lower offers.
At the close, Agostini’s ended at $24.55, with 46 shares crossing the exchange, Angostura Holdings remained at $16.44 while exchanging 6,002 stock units, Ansa Merchant Bank ended at $41, with one stock crossing the market. Clico Investment Fund traded 4,807 shares at $27.50, First Citizens Bank popped 30 cents to $50.30, trading 39 stocks, GraceKennedy rose 1 cent to $5.99, with an exchange of 9,890 stock units, Guardian Holdings popped $1.05 to $33.55 after 10,799 stocks changed hands. JMMB Group settled at $2.05, trading 1,130,050 shares, 
L.J Williams B share remained at $1.50, with 1,047 shares crossing the market, Massy Holdings dropped 55 cents to $80.05, with 2,319 stock units changing hands. National Enterprises popped 10 cents to $3.70 after just one stock unit was traded, National Flour Mills lost 4 cents to close at $2 in trading one stock, One Caribbean Media dropped 50 cents to close at a 52 weeks’ low of $4 a mere one share crossing the market. Point Lisas remained at $3.15 in exchanging at 1,001 stocks, Prestige Holdings gained 25 cents to end at $7.50, with 86 stock units changing hands, Scotiabank closed at $59.75, with 639 shares clearing the market. Trinidad & Tobago NGL remained at $18 after exchanging 4,031 stock units, Trinidad Cement increased 25 cents to close at $3.75 in exchanging 25,913 stocks and West Indian Tobacco popped 1 cent to $32.50 in switching ownership of 410 stocks.
Prices of securities trading are those for the last transaction of each stock unless otherwise stated.
Trading plunges on TTSE on Thursday
Trading ended on Thursday, with the market declining after 64 percent fewer shares with a 68 percent lower value than on Wednesday, resulting in more stocks falling than rising at the close of the Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange.
In the end, 17 securities traded compared to 18 on Wednesday, with three rising, five declining and nine remaining unchanged. The Composite Index fell 3.99 points 1,420.25, the All T&T Index slipped 4.72 points to 1,937.44 and the Cross-Listed Index lost 0.45 points to close 121.47.
A total of, 44,028 shares traded for $1,232,479, down from 122,999 units at $3,878,814 on Wednesday.
An average of 2,590 units traded at $72,499 compared to 6,833 at $215,490 on Wednesday. The average trade for the month to date amounts to 21,872 units at $248,086 versus 23,183 units at $260,037. The average trade for June amounts to 45,770 units at $724,455. The actual average value for June at $724,497.
The Investor’s Choice bid-offer indicator shows five stocks ending with bids higher than their last selling prices and none with lower offers.
At the close, Agostini’s ended at $24.55 in exchanging 940 stocks, Angostura Holdings shed 5 cents to close at $16.44, with 1,107 units crossing the exchange, Ansa Mcal remained at $60 with an exchange of 200 shares, Clico Investment Fund popped 55 cents in closing at $27.50 with an exchange of 3,685 units. First Citizens Bank fell 30 cents to $50 in an exchange of 2,031 units, GraceKennedy remained at $5.98, with 400 stock units clearing the market, Guardian Holdings lost $1.25 to end at $32.50 trading 9,997 stocks. 
JMMB Group closed trading at $2.05 after exchanging 1,000 shares, L.J Williams B share settled at $1.50, after 9 stock units changed hands, Massy Holdings closed at $80.60, with the swapping of 228 shares. NCB Financial Group popped 1 cent to $8.01 after 9,252 stocks crossed the exchange, Republic Financial Holdings remained at $135.50, with an exchange of 1,851 shares, Scotiabank remained at $59.75 after 1,276 units traded. Trinidad & Tobago NGL dropped 14 cents to $18 with the swapping of 7,368 stocks, Trinidad Cement rallied 10 cents to end at $3.50 with an exchange of 2,000 units, Unilever Caribbean dipped 2 cents to $16.30, with 100 units crossing the exchange and West Indian Tobacco settled at $32.49 crossing the market 2,584 shares.
Prices of securities trading are those for the last transaction of each stock unless otherwise stated.
Trinidad trading surges on Tuesday
The volume of stocks trading on Tuesday surged 261 percent higher than on Monday while the value was double than amount last exchanged on a day when declining stocks were inched out by those declining at the close of trading on the Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange.
At the close, 16 securities traded compared to 17 on Monday, with four stocks rising, five declining and seven remaining unchanged as Ansa Mcal traded at a 52 weeks’ high. The Composite Index increased 3.03 points to 1,426.21, the All T&T Index rallied 8.36 points to 1,949.38 and the Cross-Listed Index lost 0.38 points to settle at 121.41.
A total of, 799,412 shares traded, for $3,311,324 up from 221,255 units at $1,654,117 on Monday.
An average of 49,963 units traded at $206,958 from 13,015 at $97,301 on Monday. The average trade for the month to date amounts to 24,452 units at $263,493 versus 22,562 units at $267,681. The average trade for June amounts to 45,770 units at $724,497.
The Investor’s Choice bid-offer indicator shows three stocks ended with bids higher than their last selling prices and two with lower offers.
At the close, Agostini’s traded 2,185 shares at $24.55, Angostura Holdings ended at $16.49, with 363 shares crossing the exchange, Ansa Mcal popped $2 in ending at a 52 weeks’ high of $60, with 100 stocks crossing the market, Clico Investment Fund ended at $26.90 exchanging 4,656 stocks. First Citizens Bank dropped 28 cents to $50.02 with the swapping of 1,245 shares, FirstCaribbean International Bank remained at $6.50 while exchanging 689 stock units, GraceKennedy rose 1 cent to $5.98 after exchanging 841 shares.
Guardian Media rose 5 cents to $3.10 with the swapping of 42,218 shares, L.J Williams B shares closed at $1.50 with the swapping of 259 shares, Massy Holdings ended at $80.60 in switching ownership of 10 shares. National Enterprises popped 10 cents to $3.60, with 703,943 stock units clearing the market, NCB Financial Group declined 5 cents to $8 after trading 32,570 units, One Caribbean Media lost 1 cent to close at $4.50, with 4,425 units changing hands. Prestige Holdings traded 678 shares at $7.25, Scotiabank fell 3 cents to $59.70 with the swapping of 40 stocks and Trinidad & Tobago NGL shed 73 cents to $17.52 and ended trading 5,190 units.
Prices of securities trading are those for the last transaction of each stock unless otherwise stated.
Increased trading for TTSE on Monday
Market activity ended on Monday, with the market declining after trading 83 percent more shares and ended with twice Friday’s value, leading to more stocks falling than rising at the close of trading on the Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange.
At the close, 17 securities traded compared to 15 on Friday, with three stocks rising, five declining and nine remaining unchanged. The Composite Index shed 0.18 points to settle at 1,423.18, the All T&T Index lost 1.32 points to close at 1,941.02 and the Cross-Listed Index rose 0.15 points to 121.79.
A total of, 221,255 shares traded, for $1,654,117 compared to 121,263 units at $826,703 on Friday.
An average of 13,015 units traded at $97,301 compared to 8,084 at $55,114 on Friday. The average trade for the month to date amounts to 22,562 units at $267,681 versus 23,378 units at $282,236. The average trade for June at 45,770 units at $724,497.
The Investor’s Choice bid-offer indicator shows three stocks ended with bids higher than their last selling prices and one with a lower offer.
At the close, Agostini’s remained at $24.55 in trading 20,000 shares, Angostura Holdings traded 100 stock units at $16.49, Clico Investment Fund climbed 10 cents to $26.90 after an exchange of 3,500 units. First Citizens Bank popped 28 cents to $50.30, with 98 units crossing the market. FirstCaribbean International Bank rallied 10 cents to $6.50, with 428 shares changing hands, GraceKennedy slipped 1 cent to $5.97 trading 4,100 stocks, 
Guardian Holdings ended at $33.75, with 1,169 shares crossing the market. JMMB Group traded 150,229 stock units at $2, Massy Holdings remained at $80.60 in exchanging 1,096 stocks, National Enterprises ended at $3.50 with an exchange of 9,225 stocks. NCB Financial Group slipped 5 cents in closing at $8.05 while exchanging 5,530 shares, One Caribbean Media shed 8 cents to $4.51, with 630 stock units changing hands, Prestige Holdings settled at $7.25 after an exchange of 68 stock units. Scotiabank exchanged 529 shares at $59.73, Trinidad & Tobago NGL fell 15 cents to $18.25 after 2,653 stock units cleared the market, Unilever Caribbean ended at $16.33 in switching ownership of 16,774 shares and West Indian Tobacco fell 1 cent to $32.49 trading 5,126 stock units.
Prices of securities trading are those for the last transaction of each stock unless otherwise stated.
Trading climbs on TTSE
Market activity ended on Wednesday, with the indices declining after trading 73 percent more shares carrying 205 percent greater value than on Tuesday after the market ended with more stocks falling than rising at the close of trading on the Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange.
At the close, 18 securities traded up from 15 on Tuesday, with three stocks rising, seven declining and eight remaining unchanged. The Composite Index slipped 1.76 points to 1,422.65, the All T&T Index dropped 4.78 points to 1,939.18, and The Cross-Listed Index popped 0.21 points to 121.91 and
A total of, 363,804 shares traded for $3,241,755 compared to 210,094 units at $1,063,951 on Tuesday.
An average of 20,211 units traded at $180,097 compared to 14,006 at $70,930 on Tuesday. The average trade month to date amounts to 25,338 units at $317,298 versus 25,938 units at $333,335. The average trade for strong>June amounts to 45,770 units at $724,497.
The Investor’s Choice bid-offer indicator shows one stock ended with the bid higher than the last selling prices and two with lower offers.
At the close, Agostini’s closed at $24.55 in exchanging 13,402 shares, Angostura Holdings remained at $16.49 with the swapping of 3,082 stock units, Clico Investment Fund slipped 1 cent to $26.80 after 2,349 stocks cleared the market, First Citizens Bank dropped 28 cents to $50.02, with 945 stocks changing hands. GraceKennedy dropped 14 cents to close at $5.85 with the swapping of 5,418 shares, Guardian Holdings fell 14 cents to $33.85 in trading 232 stocks, Guardian Media lost 20 cents to end at $3.05, with 300 shares clearing the market. JMMB Group closed at $1.95 after 17,000 shares crossed the exchange, 
L.J Williams B share ended at $1.50 in exchanging 15,009 units, National Enterprises ended at $3.50 in trading 4,400 shares. National Flour Mills settled at $2.04 in switching ownership of 62,000 shares, NCB Financial Group dipped 1 cent to $8.24, in trading 195,502 stocks, Prestige Holdings remained at $7 in an exchange of 3,494 stocks. Republic Financial Holdings rallied 25 cents to $139.25 after trading 500 stock units, Scotiabank dropped $1.19 to $58.55, with 1,411 stocks crossing the market, Trinidad & Tobago NGL remained at $18.21 in exchanging 570 shares. Unilever Caribbean rose 8 cents to $16.33, with 32,473 stock units crossing the market and West Indian Tobacco rallied 50 cents to $32.50, with 5,717 units changing hands.
Prices of securities trading are those for the last transaction of each stock unless otherwise stated.
Rising stocks edged out decliners on TTSE
Market activity ended on Monday, with the market eking modest gains after traded 534 percent more shares with a 251 percent increased value than on Friday, resulting in more stocks falling than rising at the close of trading on the Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange.
Trinidad & Tobago Stock Exchange Head Quarters
At the close, 20 securities traded, up from 17 on Friday, with five rising, three declining and 12 ending unchanged.
The Composite Index rallied 2.65 points to 1,423.48, the All T&T Index climbed 5.52 points to end at 1,932.97 and the Cross-Listed Index slipped 0.06 points to settle at 123.08.
A total of, 319,283 shares traded for $3,468,098 compared to 50,340 units at $988,918 on Friday.
An average of 15,964 units traded at $173,405 compared to 2,961 at $58,172 on Friday. The average trade month to date equals 27,225 units at $361,652 versus 29,118 units at $393,290. The average trade for June ended at 45,770 units at $724,497.
Investor’s Choice bid-offer indicator shows two stocks ended with bids higher than their last selling prices and one with a lower offer.
At the close, Angostura Holdings traded 254 shares at $16.49, Ansa Mcal popped $1 to close at a 52 weeks’ high of $58 in swapping of 9 stock units, Clico Investment Fund rose 10 cents to $26.90 in switching ownership of 54,161 stocks. First Citizens Bank ended at $50.30, with 645 units crossing the market, FirstCaribbean International Bank remained at $6.50, with 1,100 shares changing hands, GraceKennedy ended at $5.99 after trading 3,405 stock units, JMMB Group closed at $2, while exchanging 148,043 units. 
L.J Williams B share spiked 16 cents to $1.50, trading 1,691 stock units, Massy Holdings popped 18 cents to $80.60 in swapping 3,047 stocks, National Flour Mills fell 21 cents to $2.04, with 13,000 stocks changing hands. NCB Financial Group lost 23 cents in closing at $8.25 after trading 61,159 units, One Caribbean Media remained at $4.60 while 1,193 units passed through the exchange, Point Lisas ended at $3.15, with 3,600 stock units clearing the market. Prestige Holdings remained at $7, trading 380 shares, Republic Financial Holdings popped 40 cents to $135.50, with 2,148 shares clearing the market, Scotiabank closed at $59.74, with the swapping of 2,379 stock units. Trinidad & Tobago NGL lost 1 cent to end at $18.20 in exchanging 21,670 units, Trinidad Cement ended at $3.30 in trading 50 shares, Unilever Caribbean remained at $16.25 with an exchange of 1,335 shares and West Indian Tobacco settled at $32.50 in trading 14 stock units.
Prices of securities trading are those for the last transaction of each stock unless otherwise stated.
Big spike in trading on the TTSE
Market activity on Thursday resulted in a rising market after trading 115 percent more shares carrying 211 percent higher value than on Wednesday after more than twice the number of stocks rose as declined at the close of trading on the Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange.
At the close of the market, 18 securities traded similar to Wednesday, with prices of nine stocks rising, four declining and five remaining unchanged. The Composite Index inched 1.82 points higher to 1,422.27, the All T&T Index popped 0.36 points to 1,928.66 and The Cross-Listed Index upped 0.47 points to settle at 123.38.
At the close of the market, 526,607 shares traded for $23,241,270 compared to 245,508 units at $1,048,475 on Wednesday. An average of 29,256 units traded at $1,291,182 compared to 13,639 at $58,821 at the end on Wednesday. The average trade for the month to date is 33,477 units at $449,143 versus 34,382 units at $268,706. The average trade for June amounts to 45,770 units at $724,497.
Investor’s Choice bid-offer indicator shows four stocks ending with bids higher than their last selling prices and two with lower offers.
At the close, Agostini’s rose 5 cents to $24.55 after trading 5,202 shares, Ansa Mcal fell 20 cents to $57 after exchanging 2,176 units, Calypso Macro Investment Fund ended at $16.50 with 1,000 units clearing the market, Clico Investment Fund climbed 6 cents to $26.90 after exchanging 1,860 stocks. First Citizens Bank declined 20 cents to $50.30 with an exchange of 2,752 stocks. FirstCaribbean International Bank advanced 10 cents to $6.50 in exchanging 400 stocks, Grace Kennedy climbed 24 cents to close at a 52 weeks’ high of $5.99 in switching ownership of 241 units, Guardian Holdings popped 37 cents to $34, with 38,802 stock units clearing the market. 
JMMB Group advanced 4 cents to $2.05 with 200,000 stocks changing hands, Massy Holdings dropped 8 cents to $80.42 in exchanging 254,260 stock units, NCB Financial Group rallied 8 cents to $8.48 after 3,590 units crossed the market. Prestige Holdings remained at $6.99 after trading 195 stock units, Republic Financial Holdings rallied 2 cents to $135.10 while exchanging 2,223 stock units, Scotiabank stayed at $59.75 in trading 350 stocks. Trinidad & Tobago NGL advanced 6 cents to $18.20 after trading 9,956 stocks, Trinidad Cement ended at $3.30 in switching ownership of 1,023 shares, Unilever Caribbean dropped 8 cents to close at $16.25 while exchanging 1,065 units and West Indian Tobacco ended at $32.50, with 1,512 stock units changing hands.
Prices of securities trading are those for the last transaction of each stock unless otherwise stated.
Rising TTSE stocks edged out decliners
Market activity ended on Wednesday in a more subdued manner than the previous day but ended with the market rising after investors traded 78 percent fewer shares, carrying an 86 percent lower value than on Tuesday, resulting in slightly more stocks rising than falling at the close of trading on the Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange.
At the close, 18 stocks traded versus 17 on Tuesday, with six rising, five slipping and seven ending unchanged. The Composite Index rallied 2.76 points to 1,420.45, the All T&T Index rose 3.40 points to 1,928.30 and the Cross-Listed Index popped 0.29 points to 122.91.
A total of 245,508 shares traded for $1,048,470 down from 1,115,815 units at $7,311,356 on Tuesday.
An average of 13,639 units traded at $58,341 compared to 65,636m at $430,080 on Tuesday. The average trade for the month to date amounts to 34,382 units at $268,706 versus 40,039 units at $326,039. The average trade for June amounts to 45,770 units at $724,497.
The Investor’s Choice bid-offer indicator shows three stocks ended with bids higher than their last selling prices and one with lower offers.
At the close, Agostini’s declined 5 cents to $24.50 in exchanging 603 shares, Angostura Holdings rose 10 cents to $16.49 in trading 78 units, Clico Investment Fund declined 6 cents to $26.84 with an exchange of 188 units, Endeavour Holdings fell 45 cents to a 52 weeks’ low of $7.50 in an exchange of 174 stocks. First Citizens Bank rallied 20 cents to close at $50.50, with 1,703 shares crossing the market. 
FirstCaribbean International Bank increased 20 cents to $6.40 in exchanging 4,524 stock units, Guardian Holdings slipped 1 cent to $33.63 while exchanging 2,208 units, JMMB Group increased 4 cents to $2.01 with the swapping of 211,125 stocks. L.J Williams B share closed at $1.34, with 6 stocks clearing the market, Massy Holdings remained at $80.50, trading 681 shares, National Enterprises ended at $3.25 after 400 units changed hands. NCB Financial Group dipped 10 cents to $8.40, with 6,000 stocks clearing the market, One Caribbean Media traded 22 stock units in closing at $4.60, Scotiabank ended trading at $59.75 with an exchange of 38 stock units. Trinidad & Tobago NGL advanced 4 cents to $18.14 after trading 9,245 stocks, Trinidad Cement rose 3 cents to $3.30, with 1,000 stock units clearing the market, Unilever Caribbean ended at $16.33 in an exchange of 6,738 stocks and West Indian Tobacco traded 775 stocks at $32.50.
Prices of securities trading are those for the last transaction of each stock unless otherwise stated.
